１．過去5年間の主要な締約国別出願件数の推移

順位	締約国	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	比率	2008年比
1	Germany (DE)	5,803	5,663	6,090	6,214	4,793	13.6%	-22.9%
2	European Union (EM)	1,852	2,445	3,371	3,600	3,710	10.5%	3.1%
3	France (FR)	3,497	3,705	3,930	4,218	3,523	10.0%	-16.5%
4	United States of America (US)	2,849	3,148	3,741	3,684	3,201	9.1%	-13.1%
5	Switzerland (CH)	2,235	2,468	2,657	2,885	2,671	7.6%	-7.4%
6	Benelux (BX)	2,426	2,639	2,510	2,667	1,968	5.6%	-26.2%
7	Italy (IT)	2,340	2,958	2,664	2,763	1,872	5.3%	-32.2%
8	China (CN)	1,334	1,328	1,444	1,585	1,358	3.9%	-14.3%
9	Japan (JP)	893	847	984	1,278	1,312	3.7%	2.7%
10	Russian Federation (RU)	604	622	889	1,190	1,068	3.0%	-10.3%
11	Austria (AT)	1191	1117	1134	1,245	1,050	3.0%	-15.7%
12	United Kingdom (GB)	1,016	1,054	1,178	1,162	1,008	2.9%	-13.3%
13	Australia (AU)	852	1,100	1,169	1,092	1,000	2.8%	-8.4%
14	Turkey (TR)	787	733	717	890	792	2.3%	-11.0%
15	Spain (ES)	854	994	859	981	688	2.0%	-29.9%
16	Denmark (DK)	510	479	573	565	412	1.2%	-27.1%
17	Czech Republic (CZ)	547	559	541	607	397	1.1%	-34.6%
18	Poland (PL)	334	339	294	416	364	1.0%	-12.5%
19	Norway (NO)	235	312	403	368	333	0.9%	-9.5%
20	Bulgaria (BG)	391	426	431	386	331	0.9%	-14.2%
21	Sweden (SE)	409	400	478	476	314	0.9%	-34.0%
22	Slovenia (SI)	180	177	182	296	254	0.7%	-14.2%
23	Republic of Korea (KR)	148	190	330	186	249	0.7%	33.9%
24	Finland (FI)	208	239	278	282	245	0.7%	-13.1%
25	Hungary (HU)	152	32	438	214	245	0.7%	14.5%
26	Serbia (RS)	107	157	275	282	241	0.7%	-14.5%
27	Croatia (HR)	79	217	185	200	235	0.7%	17.5%
28	Singapore (SG)	138	161	146	166	200	0.6%	20.5%
29	Ukraine (UA)	105	133	195	217	188	0.5%	-13.4%
30	Slovakia (SK)	215	241	190	187	158	0.4%	-15.5%
31	Portugal (PT)	263	276	355	344	135	0.4%	-60.8%
32	Latvia (LV)	81	103	115	171	102	0.3%	-40.4%
33	Liechtenstein (LI)	96	129	148	169	97	0.3%	-42.6%
34	Morocco (MA)	66	119	93	73	62	0.2%	-15.1%
35	Greece (GR)	65	150	80	117	57	0.2%	-51.3%
36	Lithuania (LT)	101	84	78	93	57	0.2%	-38.7%
37	Belarus (BY)	24	23	63	69	54	0.2%	-21.7%
38	Monaco (MC)	43	49	89	63	47	0.1%	-25.4%
39	Romania (RO)	101	97	103	99	47	0.1%	-52.5%
40	Viet Nam (VN)	34	22	31	47	46	0.1%	-2.1%
	Other countries	412	536	514	528	311	0.9%	-41.1%
	Total	33,577	36,471	39,945	42,075	35,195	100%	-16.4%

２．過去5年間の主要締約国別の被指定件数の推移

順位	締約国	2005	2006	2007	2008	2009	比率	2008年比
1	China (CN)	13,575	15,801	16,676	17,829	14,766	4.9%	-17.2%
2	Russian Federation (RU)	12,813	14,432	15,455	16,768	14,150	4.7%	-15.6%
3	United States of America (US)	11,863	13,994	14,618	15,715	13,406	4.4%	-14.7%
4	Switzerland (CH)	13,197	14,260	14,528	14,907	13,161	4.3%	-11.7%
5	European Union (EM)	6309	10,640	12,744	14,502	12,564	4.1%	-13.4%
6	Japan (JP)	10,104	11,844	12,348	12,748	10,386	3.4%	-18.5%
7	Australia (AU)	7,989	9,115	9,848	10,529	8,575	2.8%	-18.6%
8	Ukraine (UA)	8,271	9,057	9,751	10,635	8,539	2.8%	-19.7%
9	Turkey (TR)	8,602	8,958	9,377	9,844	7,942	2.6%	-19.3%
10	Republic of Korea (KR)	7,160	8,334	8,988	9,539	7,755	2.6%	-18.7%
11	Norway (NO)	8,443	9,102	9,346	9,787	7,627	2.5%	-22.1%
12	Croatia (HR)	6,716	6,970	7,059	7,482	5,967	2.0%	-20.2%
13	Singapore (SG)	6,127	6,717	7,005	7,607	5,957	2.0%	-21.7%
14	Germany (DE)	9,150	8,147	7,184	6,955	5,593	1.8%	-19.6%
15	Belarus (BY)	5,401	5,818	6,140	6,724	5,380	1.8%	-20.0%
16	Serbia (RS)	0	5,644	5,956	6,315	5,130	1.7%	-18.8%
17	France (FR)	8,587	7,495	6,443	6,035	4,735	1.6%	-21.5%
18	Italy (IT)	8,817	7,374	6,618	6,171	4,713	1.6%	-23.6%
19	United Kingdom (GB)	8,288	7,482	6,502	6,204	4,671	1.5%	-24.7%
20	Spain (ES)	8,329	7,231	6,298	5,830	4,264	1.4%	-26.9%
21	Viet Nam (VN)	2,639	3,074	4,381	4,966	4,169	1.4%	-16.0%
22	Austria (AT)	7,638	6,564	5,928	5,208	4,118	1.4%	-20.9%
23	Benelux (BX)	7922	6800	5979	5,463	4,102	1.4%	-24.9%
24	Montenegro (ME)	0	0	4,680	5,210	3,920	1.3%	-24.8%
25	The F.Y.R. of Macedonia (MK)	4,337	4,261	4,689	4,882	3,774	1.2%	-22.7%
26	Bosnia and Herzegovina (BA)	3,797	3,798	3,976	4,041	3,771	1.2%	-6.7%
27	Morocco (MA)	3,992	4,229	4,194	4,362	3,762	1.2%	-13.8%
28	Poland (PL)	6,825	6,092	5,553	4,815	3,724	1.2%	-22.7%
29	Kazakhstan (KZ)	3,099	3,463	4,004	4,331	3,488	1.1%	-19.5%
30	Republic of Moldova (MD)	3,500	3,793	4,274	4,346	3,385	1.1%	-22.1%
31	Romania (RO)	7,766	8,103	5,649	4,429	3,263	1.1%	-26.3%
32	Azerbaijan (AZ)	2231	2,329	3,145	3,801	3,214	1.1%	-15.4%
33	Georgia (GE)	2,951	3,347	3,801	3,980	3,154	1.0%	-20.8%
34	Czech Republic (CZ)	6,018	5,161	4,546	4,015	3,147	1.0%	-21.6%
35	Albania (AL)	2,720	2,882	3,267	3,588	3,060	1.0%	-14.7%
36	Liechtenstein (LI)	3,886	3,898	3,713	4,050	3,011	1.0%	-25.7%
37	Iran (Islamic Republic of ) (IR)	3,003	3,160	3,352	3,463	3,006	1.0%	-13.2%
38	Hungary (HU)	5,914	5,039	4,528	4,052	2,921	1.0%	-27.9%
39	Egypt (EG)	2,940	3,201	3,141	3,338	2,816	0.9%	-15.6%
40	Monaco (MC)	3792	3876	3,737	3,728	2,762	0.9%	-25.9%
	Other Countries	101,828	93,240	91,696	90,700	69,496	22.9%	-23.4%
	Total	356,539	364,725	371,117	378,894	303,344	100%	-19.9%

Trademarks in Force in the International Register (by December 31, 2009)

以下は、http://www.wipo.int/pressroom/en/articles/2010/article_0006.htmlに記載の抜粋文です。

Global Financial Crisis Hits International Trademark Filings in 2009, Geneva, March 18, 2010, PR/2010/634

International trademark filings under WIPO’s Madrid System for the International Registration of Marks (“the Madrid system”) dropped by 16% in 2009 as a result of the global economic downturn, though increases were observed among some major users of the system, notably the European Union (EU) (3.1%) and Japan (2.7%), as well as in the Republic of Korea (ROK) (+33.9%), Singapore (+20.5%), Croatia (+17.5%) and Hungary (+14.5%).

WIPO received 35,195 international applications under the 84-member Madrid system compared to 42,075 in 2008. Similarly, international trademark registrations were down 12% on 2008 with a total 35,925 international registrations in 2009. Trademark registrations reflect the introduction of new products and services to the market and are sensitive to business cycles. The comparatively smaller decrease (-1.2%) in the renewal of international trademark registrations, compared to 2008, reflects the value of established brands at a time when consumers opt for goods that are tried and trusted. In 2009, 19,234 international trademark renewals were recorded.

“International trademark filings took a hit in 2009,” said WIPO Director General Francis Gurry, “this is not surprising given the difficult financial conditions and restrained consumer demand facing companies around the world. While trademark protection is sound business practice in good times and bad, companies are more cautious about bringing new products to market when economic uncertainty is high. That said, trademarks and the brands they underpin play a key role in value creation and provide the basis for business expansion when the economy recovers.”

Regional and National Filing Trends

The EU accounted for over half of the international applications received – some 21,824 - in 2009. This includes international applications filed through national trademark offices of the countries concerned and those filed through the Office of Harmonization for the Internal Market (OHIM) – applicants from the EU may opt to file through their national office or through OHIM. Some 3,710 international applications were filed through OHIM in 2009 representing a 3.1% increase on figures for 2008.

Marked declines in the filing of international trademark applications were evident in a number of countries in 2009, including the Czech Republic (-34.6%), Sweden (-34%), Italy (‑32.2%), Spain (‑29.9%), Denmark (-27.1%), Benelux (-26.2%), and Germany (-22.9%). Significant decreases were also recorded in international applications received from France (-16.5%), Austria (-15.7%), China (‑14.3%), the United Kingdom (-13.3%), the United States of America (USA) (-13.1%) and the Russian Federation (-10.3%).

However, the filing of international trademark applications rose in a number of countries in 2009 including the EU with a 3.1% increase and Japan with a 2.7% increase. Significant increases were also recorded by the Republic of Korea (+33.9%), Singapore (+20.5%), Croatia (+17.5%) and Hungary (+14.5%).

Among major users, applicants in Germany filed 4,793 international applications, representing 13.6% of the total down 22.9% on 2008. OHIM ranked second with 3,710 international applications reflecting a 3.1% increase on 2008 figures. Applicants in France accounted for 3,523 international applications, representing 10.5% of the total and a decrease of 16.5% compared to 2008. Businesses in the USA filed the fourth largest number of applications, with 3,201 applications or 9.1% of the total and a 13.1 % decrease compared to 2008. Switzerland held its 5th ranking with 2,671 international applications, and a decrease of 7.4 %, followed by the Benelux countries (Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands) with 1,968 international applications representing a decrease of 26.2% compared to 2008.

Top Designated Countries

Madrid Union members were notified of 303,344 new designations (contained in new registrations or territorial extensions) in 2009, representing a 20% decrease compared to 2008 again reflecting the generally flat global economic conditions. When submitting an international trademark application, applicants must designate those member states in which they want their mark to be protected. Applicants can also extend the effects of an international registration to other members at a later date by filing a subsequent designation. In this way, the holder of an international registration can expand the geographical scope of the protection of a mark in line with evolving business needs.

The top six in the ranking of most designated member states remained unchanged. China (with 14,766 designations) continues to be the most designated country, followed by the Russian Federation, USA, Switzerland, the European Union and Japan.

Profile and Costs of Registrations Recorded in 2009

In 2009, on average, about seven Madrid Union members were designated per registration by applicants seeking international trademark protection under the Madrid system. More than half (62%) of these registrations sought protection in five or less export markets.

In submitting a trademark application, an applicant has to specify the goods or services to which the trademark will be applied in accordance with an international classification system known as the “Nice Classification”. The most popular classes of goods and services in international trademark registrations recorded in 2009 were Class 9 (covering, for example, computer hardware and software) representing 8.3% of the total, Class 35 (covering services such as office functions, advertising and business management) which represented 7.1% of the total, Class 42 (covering services provided by for example, scientific, industrial or technological engineers and computer specialists) which represented 5.6% of the total; Class 5 (covering mainly pharmaceuticals and other preparations for medical purposes), Class 25 (covering clothing, footwear and headgear) and Class 41 (covering services in the area of education, training, entertainment, sporting and cultural activities) each represented 4.7% of the total.

In 2009, applicants paid on average 3,408 Swiss francs for an international registration; for 57% of registrations the fees paid were less than 3,000 Swiss francs.

The Madrid system allows for the central administration of an international trademark portfolio, as it provides for procedures which enable trademark holders to record modifications to international registrations (for example, changes of ownership, changes in name or address of the holder or changes in the appointment of the representative of the holder) through the submission of a single request to WIPO. Modifications recorded in 2009 totaled 90,136 representing a 1.3% decrease over 2008.

Active International Registrations

Over half a million (515,562) international registrations were active in the International Register at the end of 2009, containing some 5.6 million active designations and representing a 2.4% increase relative to 2008. These registrations belong to 169,939 right holders who are mostly small and medium-sized enterprises.

Background

The WIPO-administered Madrid System for the International Registration of Marks offers a trademark owner the possibility of having a mark protected in up to 84 countries by filing one application, in one language (English, French or Spanish), with one set of fees, in one currency (Swiss Francs). Applicants wishing to use the Madrid system must apply for trademark protection in a relevant national or regional trademark office before seeking international protection. An international registration under the Madrid system produces the same effects as an application for registration of the mark in each of the contracting parties designated by the applicant. If protection is not refused by the trademark office of a designated contracting party, the status of the mark is the same as if it had been registered by that office. Thereafter, the international registration can be maintained and renewed through a single procedure. Thus, the system provides a cost-effective and efficient way for trademark holders to secure and maintain protection for their marks in multiple countries.

The first international trademark registration dates from 1893 and belonged at that time to Swiss chocolate producer Russ Suchard et Cie, but is no longer in effect. The oldest international trademark registration which is still in effect as a result of multiple renewals, belongs to Swiss watchmaker Longines. This trademark was also first registered in 1893. The international register is located at WIPO’s Geneva headquarters.

Trademarks are a key component of any successful business marketing strategy as they allow companies to identify, promote and license their goods or services in the marketplace and to distinguish them from those of their competitors, and cement customer loyalty. A trademark symbolizes the promise of a quality product and in today’s global and increasingly electronic marketplace, a trademark is often the only way for customers to identify a company’s products and services. Trademark protection hinders moves to “free ride” on the goodwill of a company by using similar distinctive signs to market inferior or similar products or services. Loss, dilution or infringement of a high-value trademark could prove devastating to a business.

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